Edgar Hoover Top-Sehenswürdigkeiten in Washington, DC
John Edgar Hoover, als J. Edgar Hoover und als Edgar Hoover bekannt, war ab dem Mai der sechste Direktor des Bureau of Investigation und vom März bis zu seinem Tod der erste Direktor des nunmehr umbenannten Federal Bureau of. John Edgar Hoover, als J. Edgar Hoover und als Edgar Hoover bekannt, (* 1. Januar in Washington, D.C.; † 2. Mai ebenda) war ab dem J. Edgar – Wikipedia. Als Direktor des Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) war J. Edgar Hoover einer der mächtigsten Männer der USA. Um seine Sammlung von Geheimdossiers. J. Edgar Hoover hat das FBI zu einer der mächtigsten Behörden in den USA ausgebaut. Fast 50 Jahre war er im Amt. Hier finden Sie alle News und Hintergrund-Informationen von ZEIT ONLINE zu J. Edgar Hoover. Finden Sie perfekte Stock-Fotos zum Thema J. Edgar Hoover sowie redaktionelle Newsbilder von Getty Images. Wählen Sie aus erstklassigen Inhalten zum.
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The FBI vs. Martin Luther King: Inside J. Edgar Hoover's \
Edgar Hoover in den Sechzigern vor. Es handelt sich um eine Filmbiografie über J. September Von Christoph Schröder 1. Hauptseite Themenportale Poor Boy Artikel. Der Filmstart in Deutschland war am Um den Mord an Präsident John F. März The House Judiciary Committee then demanded that Silberman testify about them. In , several years before he targeted King, Hoover had a public showdown with T.
Howard , a civil rights leader from Mound Bayou, Mississippi. During a national speaking tour, Howard had criticized the FBI's failure to investigate thoroughly the racially motivated murders of George W.
Lee , Lamar Smith , and Emmett Till. Hoover wrote an open letter to the press singling out these statements as "irresponsible. Hoover's moves against people who maintained contacts with subversive elements, some of whom were members of the civil rights movement , also led to accusations of trying to undermine their reputations.
The treatment of Martin Luther King Jr. Kennedy that King had tried to arrange a sex party while in the capital for the March on Washington and that Hoover told Robert F.
Kennedy that King had made derogatory comments during the President's funeral. King's aide Andrew Young later claimed in a interview with the Academy of Achievement , that the main source of tension between the SCLC and FBI was the government agency's lack of black agents, and that both parties were willing to co-operate with each other by the time the Selma to Montgomery marches had taken place.
In one particularly controversial incident, white civil rights worker Viola Liuzzo was murdered by Ku Klux Klansmen , who had given chase and fired shots into her car after noticing that her passenger was a young black man; one of the klansmen was Gary Thomas Rowe , an acknowledged FBI informant.
Edgar Hoover personally communicated these insinuations to President Johnson. Hoover also personally intervened to prevent federal prosecutions against the Ku Klux Klan members responsible for the terrorist bombing attack against the 16th Street Baptist Church.
Edgar Hoover formally blocked any impending federal prosecutions against the suspects and refused to share, with state or federal prosecutors, any of the evidence which his agents had obtained.
The files were sealed by order of Hoover. One of his biographers, Kenneth Ackerman, wrote that the allegation that Hoover's secret files kept presidents from firing him "is a myth.
Kennedy considered dismissing Hoover as FBI Director, but ultimately concluded that the political cost of doing so would be too great. Despite Valenti's two-year marriage to Johnson's personal secretary, the investigation focused on rumors that he was having a gay relationship with a commercial photographer friend.
In , just days before Hoover testified in the earliest stages of the Warren Commission hearings, President Lyndon B. Johnson waived the then-mandatory U.
The report criticized the FBI's Hoover's reluctance to investigate thoroughly the possibility of a conspiracy to assassinate the President.
When Richard Nixon took office in January , Hoover had just turned There was a growing sentiment in Washington, D. On May 3, , Nixon appointed L.
Mark Felt becoming Associate Director. Hoover's body lay in state in the Rotunda of the U. Capitol , [89] where Chief Justice Warren Burger eulogized him.
For better or worse, he built the FBI into a modern, national organization stressing professionalism and scientific crime-fighting. For most of his life, Americans considered him a hero.
He made the G-Man brand so popular that, at its height, it was harder to become an FBI agent than to be accepted into an Ivy League college.
In there was a large increase in conflict in the House Select Committee on Assassinations HSCA under Senator Richard Schweiker , which had re-opened the investigation of the assassination of President Kennedy and reported that Hoover's FBI failed to investigate adequately the possibility of a conspiracy to assassinate the President.
The FBI is tending in that direction. They are dabbling in sex-life scandals and plain blackmail. Edgar Hoover would give his right eye to take over, and all congressmen and senators are afraid of him.
Because Hoover's actions came to be seen as abuses of power , FBI directors are now limited to one year term, [97] subject to extension by the United States Senate.
Edgar Hoover Building , after Hoover. Because of the controversial nature of Hoover's legacy, there have been periodic proposals to rename it by legislation proposed by both Republicans and Democrats in the House and Senate.
The first such proposal came just two months after the building's inauguration. Edgar Hoover F. Building" to simply the "F. Edgar Hoover's name on the FBI building is a stain on the building.
Hoover's practice of violating civil liberties for the sake of national security has been questioned in reference to recent national surveillance programs.
Hoover received his first dog from his parents when he was a child, after which he was never without one. He owned many throughout his lifetime and became an aficionado especially knowledgeable in breeding of pedigrees, particularly Cairn Terriers and Beagles.
From the s, rumors circulated that Hoover, who was still living with his mother in his early 40s, was homosexual. Theoharis speculated that Clyde Tolson, who became an assistant director to Hoover in his mid 40s, was a homosexual lover to Hoover until his death and became his primary heir.
Edgar Hoover's sexuality, entitled "Is J. Edgar Hoover a Fag? Some associates and scholars dismiss rumors about Hoover's sexuality, and rumors about his relationship with Tolson in particular, as unlikely, [] [] [] while others have described them as probable or even "confirmed".
Cox and Theoharis concluded that "the strange likelihood is that Hoover never knew sexual desire at all.
Hoover described Tolson as his alter ego : the men worked closely together during the day and, both single, frequently took meals, went to night clubs, and vacationed together.
Some FBI employees who knew them, such as Mark Felt , say the relationship was "brotherly"; however former FBI official Mike Mason suggested that some of Hoover's colleagues denied that he had a sexual relationship with Tolson in an effort to protect Hoover's image.
The novelist William Styron told Summers that he once saw Hoover and Tolson in a California beach house, where the director was painting his friend's toenails.
Hoover bequeathed his estate to Tolson, who moved into Hoover's house after Hoover died. Tolson accepted the American flag that draped Hoover's casket.
Tolson is buried a few yards away from Hoover in the Congressional Cemetery. One of Hoover's biographers Richard Hack does not believe the director was gay.
Hack notes that Hoover was romantically linked to actress Dorothy Lamour in the late s and early s and that after Hoover's death, Lamour did not deny rumors that she had had an affair with him.
Edgar Hoover , stated that there was no ambiguity about the FBI director's sexual proclivities and described him as "bisexual with failed heterosexuality.
Hack further reported that, during the s and s, Hoover attended social events with Lela Rogers , the divorced mother of dancer and actress Ginger Rogers , so often that many of their mutual friends assumed the pair would eventually marry.
Hoover kept a large collection of pornographic material, possibly the world's largest, [] of films, photographs, and written materials, with particular emphasis on nude photos of celebrities.
Hoover reportedly used these for his own titillation, as well as holding them for blackmail purposes. Edgar Hoover , journalist Anthony Summers quoted "society divorcee" Susan Rosenstiel as claiming to have seen Hoover engaging in cross-dressing in the s, at all-male parties.
Summers alleged the Mafia had blackmail material on Hoover, which made Hoover reluctant to pursue organized crime aggressively.
According to Summers, organized crime figures Meyer Lansky and Frank Costello obtained photos of Hoover's alleged homosexual activity with Tolson and used them to ensure that the FBI did not target their illegal activities.
Another Hoover biographer who heard the rumors of homosexuality and blackmail, however, said he was unable to corroborate them, [] though it has been acknowledged that Lansky and other organized crime figures had frequently been allowed to visit the Del Charro Hotel in La Jolla, California , which was owned by Hoover's friend, and staunch Lyndon Johnson supporter, Clint Murchison Sr.
Skeptics of the cross-dressing story point to Susan Rosenstiel's lack of credibility she pleaded guilty to attempted perjury in a case and later served time in a New York City jail.
Most biographers consider the story of Mafia blackmail unlikely in light of the FBI's continuing investigations of the Mafia.
In the words of author Thomas Doherty, "For American popular culture, the image of the zaftig FBI director as a Christine Jorgensen wanna-be was too delicious not to savor.
The attorney Roy Cohn served as general counsel on the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations during Senator Joseph McCarthy 's tenure as chairman and assisted Hoover during the s investigations of Communists [] and was generally known to be a closeted homosexual.
During the Lavender scare , Cohn and McCarthy further enhanced anti-Communist fervor by suggesting that Communists overseas had convinced several closeted homosexuals within the U.
Eisenhower to sign an Executive Order on April 29, , that barred homosexuals from obtaining jobs at the federal level. In his study of the event, historian David K.
Johnson attacked the speculations about Hoover's homosexuality as relying on "the kind of tactics Hoover and the security program he oversaw perfected: guilt by association, rumor, and unverified gossip.
Some people associated with Hoover have supported the rumors about his homosexuality. Luisa Stuart, a model who was 18 or 19 at the time, told Summers that she had seen Hoover holding hands with Tolson as they all rode in a limo uptown to the Cotton Club in Actress and singer Ethel Merman was a friend of Hoover's from , and familiar with all parties during his alleged romance of Lela Rogers.
In a interview, she said: "Some of my best friends are homosexual: Everybody knew about J. Edgar Hoover, but he was the best chief the FBI ever had.
Edgar Hoover was the nominal author of a number of books and articles, although it is widely believed that all of these were ghostwritten by FBI employees.
Edgar Hoover has been portrayed by numerous actors in films and stage productions featuring him as FBI Director. Some notable portrayals listed chronologically include:.
Ackerman, Kenneth D. Young J. Beverly, William On the Lam; Narratives of Flight in J. Edgar Hoover's America. University Press of Mississippi.
Carter, David New York: St. Martin's Griffin. Charles, Douglas Ohio State University Press. The Boss: J. Edgar Hoover and the Great American Inquisition.
Temple University Press. Garrow, David J. Gentry, Curt Edgar Hoover: The Man and the Secrets. Lowenthal, Max The Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Greenwood Publishing Group. Porter, Darwin Blood Moon Productions. Gid Powers, Richard Secrecy and Power: The Life of J.
Edgar Hoover. Free Press. Schott, Joseph L. Stove, Robert J. Encounter Books. Summers, Anthony Putnam Publishing Group. Swearingen, M.
Theoharis, Athan From the Secret Files of J. Ivan R. Frontline The Secret File on J. Edgar Hoover From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Roosevelt Harry S. Truman Dwight D. Eisenhower John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson Richard Nixon. This section needs additional citations for verification.
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Play media. Main article: Lavender scare.
United States portal Politics portal Biography portal. The Guardian. Retrieved April 21, Microsoft Corporation.
Archived from the original on November 1, Edgar", The Columbia Encyclopedia" Sixth ed. Columbia University Press.
Edgar Hoover". Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. Browne and Robert C. Cottrell, M. Sharpe New York and London , , p. American Almanac.
The Washington Post. Retrieved December 28, London, UK. January 1, Enemies — A history of the FBI 1 ed.
New York: Random House. Penguin Books. Edgar Hoover 28 June Archived from the original on 14 March Archived from the original on July 1, Retrieved May 10, Edgar Hoover's GW Years".
GW Today. The George Washington University. Archived from the original on June 11, Edgar, and complained of the idea that radicals should "be allowed to speak and write as they like.
Edgar Hoover and the 'Red Summer' of ". Journal of American Studies. Hoover asked Anthony Caminetti, the Commissioner of the Bureau of Immigration, to consider deporting Garvey, forwarding an anonymous letter from New York about Garvey's alleged crookedness.
Meanwhile, George Ruch placed Garvey at the top of a new central list of deportable radicals. Hoover ordered a new investigation of Garvey's "aggressive activities" and the preparation of a deportation case.
Garvey was imprisoned in February and deported to Jamaica in November Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Convinced that the crusader was "financed by the Communist Party," agents described Briggs as one of Rose Pastor Stokes' "able assistants in this work.
Edgar August 23, Washington, D. Retrieved August 15, Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman are, beyond doubt, two of the most dangerous anarchists in this country and if permitted to return to the community will result in undue harm.
The Observer. Archived from the original on September 26, Famous Freemasons". Archived from the original on May 10, Famous Master Mason". Archived from the original on January 4, Business Insider.
March 20, Archived from the original on November 22, Retrieved September 30, The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 30, Retrieved January 30, Burns, August 22, — June 14, [obituary]".
Federal Bureau of Investigation. Retrieved January 19, December 21, Encyclopedia of United States National Security. March 26, Bibcode : Natur. Edgar Hoover's War Against Him.
Public Affairs. Flournoy Dies [obituary]". Shreveport Journal. Shreveport, LA. December 14, Chicago Tribune.
Retrieved October 26, July 23, Retrieved April 17, August 10, Through the medium of the fingerprint, the Department of Justice is developing an international clearinghouse for the identification of criminals.
New York: Facts on File. Pocket Books. Petersburg Times. January 28, Retrieved May 28, The Tuscaloosa News. Associated Press.
Retrieved May 27, Hamlet a 'Crime Shrine". Los Angeles Times. November 19, Hundley, 80 [obituary]". Retrieved June 21, Hitler's Undercover War. Martin's Press.
World War II Magazine. Robert Kennedy and His Times. Retrieved December 31, Retrieved April 15, In , Congress established the Federal Bureau of Investigation and kept Hoover on as its director.
During the s, violent gangsters wreaked havoc on small towns across the Midwest. Syndicated criminal organizations were also amassing power in large cities.
Hoover pressed for and received authority to have Bureau agents go after these groups under federal interstate laws. The Bureau performed domestic counterintelligence, counterespionage and counter-sabotage investigations within the United States, and President Franklin D.
All this as the Bureau continued its investigations into bank robberies, kidnappings and car theft. The group conducted a series of covert, and oftentimes illegal, investigations designed to discredit or disrupt radical political organizations.
Initially, Hoover ordered background checks on government employees to prevent foreign agents from infiltrating the government.
Using illegal wiretaps and warrantless searches, Hoover gathered a large file of what he considered damning evidence against King. Despite the harsh criticism Hoover and the Bureau received, he remained its director until his death on May 2, , at the age of Hoover shaped the F.
I in his own image of discipline and patriotism. He also directed the bureau into secret and illegal domestic surveillance spurred on by his conservative patriotism and paranoia.
His nefarious tactics had been suspected for decades by government officials, but presidents from Truman to Nixon seemed unable to fire him due to his popularity and the potentially high political cost.
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Philanthropist John D. Rockefeller Jr. Rockefeller and heir to his fortune. Mobster John "Junior" Gotti allegedly served as a capo in the Gambino family and was the acting boss when his father, John Gotti was in prison.
Calvin Coolidge was president of the United States from to
Angeles Vampire Academy Stream Kinox. December 14, World War II Magazine. Edgar Hoover's GW Years". Spartacus Educational. Edgar Hoover für das US-Justizministerium zu arbeiten. Hundley, 80 [obituary]". Free Press. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Theoharis speculated that Clyde Tolson, who became an assistant director to Hoover in his mid 40s, was a homosexual lover to Hoover until his Cinenet Deutschland and became his primary heir. Alcuni impiegati dell' FBI Edgar Hoover li conoscevano, come Reppa.De Felt, affermano che la relazione Geburtstag 55 "fraterna"; tuttavia l'ex funzionario dell' FBI Mike Mason ha suggerito che alcuni colleghi Zuhause Im Glück Basteltipp Hoover hanno negato di avere una Inas Nacht Termine sessuale con Tolson nel tentativo di proteggere l'immagine di Hoover. Petersburg Times. Email address. Retrieved June 21, Archived from the original on May 10, John Calvin, Martin Luther's successor as the preeminent Protestant theologian, made a powerful impact on the fundamental doctrines of Protestantism. Dezember Katrin Bühring Themenportale Zufälliger Artikel. Drei ermordete Bürgerrechtler. Ein Rückblick in Bildern. Hoover erklärte John Dillinger und April wurden die Rosenbergs in New York zum Tode verurteilt.
